This episode was brought to you by

Headlines

EuroBSDCon 2014 registration open

• September is getting closer, and that means it's time for EuroBSDCon - held in Bulgaria this year
• Registration is finally open to the public, with prices for businesses ($287), individuals ($217) and students ($82) for the main conference until August 18th
• Tutorials, sessions, dev summits and everything else all have their own pricing as well
• Registering between August 18th - September 12th will cost more for everything
• You can register online here and check hotels in the area
• The FreeBSD foundation is also accepting applications for travel grants ***

OpenBSD SMP PF update

• A couple weeks ago we talked about how DragonflyBSD updated their PF to be multithreaded
• With them joining the SMP ranks along with FreeBSD, a lot of users have been asking about when OpenBSD is going to make the jump
• In a recent mailing list thread, Henning Brauer addresses some of the concerns
• The short version is that too many things in OpenBSD are currently single-threaded for it to matter - just reworking PF by itself would be useless
• He also says PF on OpenBSD is over four times faster than FreeBSD's old version, presumably due to those extra years of development it's gone through
• There's also been even more recent concern about the uncertain future of FreeBSD's PF, being mostly unmaintained since their SMP patches
• We reached out to four developers (over week ago) about coming on the show to talk about OpenBSD network performance and SMP, but they all ignored us ***

Introduction to NetBSD pkgsrc

• An article from one of our listeners about how to create a new pkgsrc port or fix one that you need
• The post starts off with how to get the pkgsrc tree, shows how to get the developer tools and finally goes through the Makefile format
• It also lists all the different bmake targets and their functions in relation to the porting process
• Finally, the post details the whole process of creating a new port ***

FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE

• After three RCs, FreeBSD 9.3 was scheduled to be finalized and announced today but actually came out yesterday
• The full list of changes is available, but it's mostly a smaller maintenance release
• Lots of driver updates, ZFS issues fixed, hardware RNGs are entirely disabled by default, netmap framework updates, read-only ext4 support was added, the vt driver was merged from -CURRENT, new hardware support (including radeon KMS), various userland tools got new features, OpenSSL and OpenSSH were updated... and much more
• If you haven't jumped to the 10.x branch yet (and there are a lot of people who haven't!) this is a worthwhile upgrade - 9.2-RELEASE will reach EOL soon
• Good news, this will be the first release with PGP-signed checksums on the FTP mirrors - a very welcome change
• With that out of the way, the 10.1-RELEASE schedule was posted ***

Interview - Bryan Drewery - bdrewery@freebsd.org / @bdrewery

The FreeBSD package building cluster, pkgng, ports, various topics

Tutorial

Tunneling traffic through DNS

News Roundup

SSH two-factor authentication on FreeBSD

• We've previously mentioned stories on how to do two-factor authentication with a Yubikey or via a third party website
• This blog post tells you how to do exactly that, but with your Google account and the pam_google_authenticator port
• Using this setup, every user that logs in with a password will have an extra requirement before they can gain access - but users with public keys can login normally
• It's a really, really simple process once you have the port installed - full details on the page ***

Ditch tape backup in favor of FreeNAS

• The author of this post shares some of his horrible experiences with tape backups for a client
• Having constant, daily errors and failed backups, he needed to find another solution
• With 1TB of backups, tapes just weren't a good option anymore - so he switched to FreeNAS (after also ruling out a pre-built NAS)
• The rest of the article details his experiences with it and tells about his setup ***

NetBSD vs FreeBSD, desktop experiences

• A NetBSD and pkgsrc developer details his experiences running NetBSD on a workstation at his job
• Becoming more and more disappointed with graphics performance, he finally decides to give FreeBSD 10 a try - especially since it has a native nVidia driver
• "Running on VAX, PlayStation 2 and Amiga is fun, but I’ll tell you a little secret: nobody cares anymore about VAX, PlayStation 2 and Amiga."
• He's become pretty satisfied with FreeBSD, a modern choice for a 2014 desktop system ***

PCBSD not-so-weekly digest

• Speaking of choices for a desktop system, it's the return of the PCBSD digest!
• Warden and PBI_add have gotten some interesting new features
• You can now create jails "on the fly" when adding a new PBI to your application library
• Bulk jail creation is also possible now, and it's really easy
• New Jenkins integration, with public access to poudriere logs as well
• PkgNG 1.3.0.rc2 testing for EDGE users ***

Feedback/Questions

• Jeff writes in - Sending Encrypted Backups over SSH + Sending ZFS snapshots via user
• Bruce writes in
• Richard writes in
• Jeff writes in - NYCBUG dmesg list
• Steve writes in ***

This episode was brought to you by

Headlines

Tailoring OpenBSD for an old, strange computer

• The author of this article had an OmniBook 800CT, which comes with a pop-out mouse, black and white display, 32MB of RAM and a 133MHz CPU
• Obviously he had to install some kind of BSD on it!
• This post goes through all his efforts of trimming down OpenBSD to work on such a limited device
• He goes through the trial and error of "compile, break it, rebuild, try again"
• After cutting a lot out from the kernel, saving a precious megabyte here and there, he eventually gets it working ***

pkgsrcCon and BSDCan

• pkgsrccon is "a technical conference for people working on the NetBSD Packages Collection, focusing on existing technologies, research projects, and works-in-progress in pkgsrc infrastructure"
• This year it will be on June 21st and 22nd
• The schedule is still being worked out, so if you want to give a talk, submit it
• BSDCan's schedule was also announced
• We'll be having presentations about ARM on NetBSD and FreeBSD, PF on OpenBSD, Capsicum and casperd, ASLR in FreeBSD, more about migrating from Linux to BSD, FreeNAS stuff and much more
• Kris' presentation was accepted!
• Tons of topics, look forward to the recorded versions of all of them hopefully! ***

Two factor auth with pushover

• A new write-up from our friend Ted Unangst
• Pushover is "a web hook to smartphone push notification gateway" - you sent a POST to a web server and it sends a code to your phone
• His post goes through the steps of editing your login.conf and setting it all up to work
• Now you can get a two factor authenticated login for ssh! ***

The status of GNOME 3 on BSD

• It's no secret that the GNOME team is a Linux-obsessed bunch, almost to the point of being hostile towards other operating systems
• OpenBSD keeps their GNOME 3 ports up to date very well, and Antoine Jacoutot writes about his work on that and how easy it is to use
• This post goes through the process of how simple it is to get GNOME 3 set up on OpenBSD and even includes a screencast
• A few recent posts from some GNOME developers show that they're finally working with the BSD guys to improve portability
• The FreeBSD and OpenBSD teams are working together to bring the latest GNOME to all of us - it's a beautiful thing
• This goes right along with our interview today! ***

Interview - Joe Marcus Clark - marcus@freebsd.org

The life and daily activities of portmgr, GNOME 3, Tinderbox, portlint, various topics

Tutorial

The FreeBSD Ports Collection

News Roundup

DragonflyBSD 3.8 goals and 3.6.1 release

• The Dragonfly team is thinking about what should be in version 3.8
• On their bug tracker, it lists some of the things they'd like to get done before then
• In the meantime, 3.6.1 was released with lots of bugfixes ***

NYCBSDCon 2014 wrap-up piece

• We've got a nice wrap-up titled "NYCBSDCon 2014 Heats Up a Cold Winter Weekend"
• The author also interviews GNN about the conference
• There's even a little "beginner introduction" to BSD segment
• Includes a mention of the recently-launched journal and lots of pictures from the event ***

FreeBSD and Linux, a comparative analysis

• GNN in yet another story - he gave a presentation at the NYLUG about the differences between FreeBSD and Linux
• He mentions the history of BSD, the patch set and 386BSD, the lawsuit, philosophy and license differences, a complete system vs "distros," development models, BSD-only features and technologies, how to become a committer, overall comparisons, different hats and roles, the different bsds and their goals and actual code differences
• Serves as a good introduction you can show your Linux friends ***

PCBSD CFT and weekly digest

• Upgrade tools have gotten a major rewrite
• You have to help test it, there is no choice! Read more here
• How dare Kris be "unimpressed with" freebsd-update and pkgng!?
• Various updates and fixes ***

Feedback/Questions

• Jeffrey writes in
• Shane writes in
• Ferdinand writes in
• Curtis writes in
• Clint writes in
• Peter writes in ***

This episode was brought to you by

Headlines

Faces of FreeBSD continues

• Our first one details Shteryana Shopova, the local organizer for EuroBSDCon 2014 in Sophia
• Gives some information about how she got into BSD
• "I installed FreeBSD on my laptop, alongside the Windows and Slackware Linux I was running on it at the time. Several months later I realized that apart from FreeBSD, I hadn't booted the other two operating systems in months. So I wiped them out."
• She wrote bsnmpd and extended it with the help of a grant from the FreeBSD Foundation
• We've also got one for Kevin Martin
• Started off with a pinball website, ended up learning about FreeBSD from an ISP and starting his own hosting company
• "FreeBSD has been an asset to our operations, and while we have branched out a bit, we still primarily use FreeBSD and promote it whenever possible. FreeBSD is a terrific technology with a terrific community." ***

OpenPF?

• A blog post over at the Dragonfly digest
• What if we had some cross platform development of OpenBSD's firewall?
• Similar to portable OpenSSH or OpenZFS, there could be a centrally-developed version with compatibility glue
• Right now FreeBSD 9's pf is old, FreeBSD 10's pf is old (but has the best performance of any implementation due to custom patches), NetBSD's pf is old (but they're working on a fork) and Dragonfly's pf is old
• Further complicated by the fact that PF itself doesn’t have a version number, since it was designed to just be ‘the pf that came with OpenBSD 5.4’
• Not likely to happen any time soon, but it's good food for thought ***

Year of BSD on the server

• A good blog post about switching servers from Linux to BSD
• 2014 is going to be the year of a lot of switching, due to FreeBSD 10's amazing new features
• This author was particularly taken with pkgng and the more coherent layout of BSD systems
• Similarly, there was also a recent reddit thread, "Why did you choose BSD over Linux?"
• Both are excellent reads for Linux users that are thinking about making the switch, send 'em to your friends ***

Getting to know your portmgr

• This time in the series they interview Bryan Drewery, a fairly new addition to the team
• He started maintaining portupgrade and portmaster, and eventually ended up on the ports management team
• Believe it or not, his wife actually had a lot to do with him getting into FreeBSD full-time
• Lots of fun trivia and background about him
• Speaking of portmgr, our interview for today is... ***

Interview - Baptiste Daroussin - bapt@freebsd.org

The future of FreeBSD's binary packages, ports' features, various topics

News Roundup

pfSense december hang out

• Interview/presentation from pfSense developer Chris Buechler with an accompanying blog post
• "This is the first in what will be a monthly recurring series. Each month, we’ll have a how to tutorial on a specific topic or area of the system, and updates on development and other happenings with the project. We have several topics in mind, but also welcome community suggestions on topics"
• Speaking of pfSense, they recently opened an online store
• We're planning on having a pfSense episode next month! ***

BSDMag December issue is out

• The free monthly BSD magazine gets a new release for December
• Topics include CARP on FreeBSD, more BSD programming, "unix basics for security professionals," some kernel introductions, using OpenBSD as a transparent proxy with relayd, GhostBSD overview and some stuff about SSH ***

OpenBSD gets tmpfs

• In addition to the recently-added FUSE support, OpenBSD now has tmpfs
• To get more testing, it was enabled by default in -current
• Should make its way into 5.5 if everything goes according to plan
• Enables lots of new possibilities, like our ccache and tmpfs guide ***

PCBSD weekly digests

• Catching up with all the work going on in PCBSD land..
• 10.0-RC2 is now available
• The big pkgng 1.2 problems seem to have been worked out ***

Feedback/Questions

• Remy writes in
• Jason writes in
• Rob writes in
• John writes in
• Stuart writes in ***

This episode was brought to you by

Headlines

More faces of FreeBSD

• Another installment of the FoF series
• This time they talk with Reid Linnemann who works at Spectra Logic
• Gives a history of all the different jobs he's done, all the programming languages he knows
• Mentions how he first learned about FreeBSD, actually pretty similar to Kris' story
• "I used the system to build and install ports, and explored, getting actively involved in the mailing lists and forums, studying, passing on my own limited knowledge to those who could benefit from it. I pursued my career in the open source software world, learning the differences in BSD and GNU licensing and the fragmented nature of Linux distributions, realizing the FreeBSD community was more mature and well distributed about industry, education, and research. Everything steered me towards working with and on FreeBSD."
• Now works on FreeBSD as his day job
• The second one covers Brooks Davis
• FreeBSD committer since 2001 and core team member from 2006 through 2012
• He's helped drive our transition from a GNU toolchain to a more modern LLVM-based toolchain
• "One of the reasons I like FreeBSD is the community involved in the process of building a principled, technically-advanced operating system platform. Not only do we produce a great product, but we have fun doing it."
• Lots more in the show notes ***

We cannot trust Intel and Via’s chip-based crypto

• We woke up to see FreeBSD on the front page of The Register, Ars Technica, Slashdot and Hacker News for their strong stance on security and respecting privacy
• At the EuroBSDCon dev summit, there was some discussion about removing support for hardware-based random number generators.
• FreeBSD's /dev/random got some updates and, for 10.0, will no longer allow the use of Intel or VIA's hardware RNGs as the sole point of entropy
• "It will still be possible to access hardware random number generators, that is, RDRAND, Padlock etc., directly by inline assembly or by using OpenSSL from userland, if required, but we cannot trust them any more" ***

OpenSMTPD 5.4.1 released

• The OpenBSD developers came out with major a new version
• Improved config syntax (please check your smtpd.conf before upgrading)
• Adds support for TLS Perfect Forward Secrecy and custom CA certificate
• MTA, Queue and SMTP server improvements
• SNI support confirmed for the next version
• Check the show notes for the full list of changes, pretty huge release
• Watch Episode 3 for an interview we did with the developers ***

More getting to know your portmgr

• The portmgr secretary, Thomas Abthorpe, interviews... himself!
• Joined as -secretary in March 2010, upgraded to full member in March 2011
• His inspiration for using BSD is "I wanted to run a webserver, and I wanted something free. I was going to use something linux, then met up with a former prof from university, and shared my story with him. He told me FreeBSD was the way to go."
• Mentions how he loves that anyone can contribute and watch it "go live"
• The second one covers Baptiste Daroussin
• The reason for his nick, bapt, is "Baptiste is too long to type"
• There's even a video of bapt joining the team! ***

Interview - Santa Clause - josh@ixsystems.com / @freenasteam

FreeNAS 9.2.0

Note: we originally scheduled the interview to be with Josh Paetzel, but Santa showed up instead.

Tutorial

FreeNAS walkthrough

News Roundup

Introducing configinit

• CloudInit is "a system originally written for Ubuntu which performs configuration of a system at boot-time based on user-data provided via EC2"
• Wasn't ideal for FreeBSD since it requires python and is designed around the concept of configuring a system by running commands (rather than editing configuration files)
• Colin Percival came up with configinit, a FreeBSD alternative
• Alongside his new "firstboot-pkgs" port, it can spin up a webserver in 120 seconds from "launch" of the EC2 instance
• Check the show notes for full blog post ***

OpenSSH support for Ed25519 and bcrypt keys

• New Ed25519 key support (hostkeys and user identities) using the public domain ed25519 reference code
• SSH private keys were encrypted with a symmetric key that's just an MD5 of their password
• Now they'll be using bcrypt by default
• We'll get more into this in next week's interview ***

The FreeBSD challenge

• A member of the Linux foundation blogs about using FreeBSD
• Goes through all the beginner steps, has to "unlearn" some of his Linux ways
• Only a few posts as of this time, but it's a continuing series that may be helpful for switchers ***

PCBSD weekly digest

• GNOME3, cinnamon and mate desktops are in the installer
• Compat layer updated to CentOS 6, enables newest Skype
• Looking for people to test printers and hplip
• Continuing work on grub, but the ability to switch between bootloaders is back ***

Feedback/Questions

• Bostjan writes in
• Jason writes in
• John writes in
• Kjell-Aleksander writes in
• Alexy writes in ***

Headlines

Getting to know your portmgr

• In this interview they talk to one of the "Annoying Reminder Guys" - Erwin Lansing, the second longest serving member of FreeBSD's portmgr (also vice-president of the FreeBSD Foundation)
• He actually maintains the .dk ccTLD
• Describes FreeBSD as "the best well-hidden success story in operating systems, by now in the hands of more people than one can count and used by even more people, and not one of them knows it! It’s not only the best operating system currently around, but also the most supportive and inspiring community."
• In the next one they speak with Martin Wilke (miwi@)
• The usual, "what inspires you about FreeBSD" "how did you get into it" etc. ***

vBSDCon wrap-up compilation

• Lots of write-ups about vBSDCon gathered in one place
• Some from OpenBSD guys
• Some from FreeBSD guys
• Some from RootBSD
• Some from iXsystems
• Some from Verisign
• And of course our own wrap-up chat in BSD Now Episode 009 ***

Faces of FreeBSD

• This week they talk to Gábor Páli from Hungary
• Talks about his past as a game programmer and how it got involved with FreeBSD
• "I met János Háber, who admired the technical merits of FreeBSD and recommended it over the popular GNU/Linux distributions. I downloaded FreeBSD 4.3-RELEASE, found it reliable, consistent, easy to install, update and use."
• He's been contributing since 2008 and does lots of work with Haskell in ports
• He also organizes EuroBSDCon and is secretary of the FreeBSD Core Team ***

Dragonfly 3.6 released

• dports now default instead of pkgsrc
• Big SMP scaling improvements
• Experimental i915 and KMS support
• See our interview with Justin Sherrill if you want to hear (a lot) more about it - nearly an hour long ***

Interview - Jordan Hubbard - jkh@freebsd.org / @omgjkh

FreeBSD's founding and future

Tutorial

Building an OpenBSD router, part 2

• Note: there was a mistake in the video version of the tutorial, please consult the written version for the proper instructions. ***

News Roundup

pfSense 2.1 on AWS EC2

• We now have pfSense 2.1 available on Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
• In keeping with the community spirit, they’re also offering a free "public" AMI
• Check the FAQ and User Guide on their site for additional details
• Interesting possibilities with pfSense in the cloud ***

Puffy on the desktop

• Distrowatch, a primarily Linux-focused site, features an OpenBSD 5.4 review
• They talk about using it on the desktop, how to set it up
• Very long write-up, curious Linux users should give it a read
• Ends with "Most people will still see OpenBSD as an operating system for servers and firewalls, but OpenBSD can also be used in desktop environments if the user doesn't mind a little manual work. The payoff is a very light, responsive system that is unlikely to ever misbehave" ***

Two-factor authentication with SSH

• Blog post about using a yubikey with SSH public keys
• Uses a combination of a OTP, BSDAuth and OpenBSD's login.conf, but it can be used with PAM on other systems as well
• Allows for two-factor authentication (a la gmail) in case your private key is compromised
• Anyone interested in an extra-hardened SSH server should give it a read ***

PCBSD weekly digest

• 10.0 has approximately 400 PBIs for public consumption
• They will be merging the GNOME3, MATE and Cinnamon desktops into the 10.0 ports tree - please help test them, this is pretty big news in and of itself!
• PCDM is coming along nicely, more bugs are getting fixed
• Added ZFS dataset options to PCBSD’s new text installer front-end ***

Feedback/Questions

• Ben writes in
• Florian writes in
• Zach writes in
• Addison writes in
• Adam writes in
• Adam's BSD Router Project tutorial can be downloaded here. ***

Headlines

OpenSSH 6.4 released

• Security fixes in OpenSSH don't happen very often
• 6.4 fixes a memory corruption problem, no new features
• If exploited, this vulnerability might permit code execution with the privileges of the authenticated user and may therefore allow bypassing restricted shell/command configurations.
• Disabling AES-GCM in the server configuration is a workaround
• Only affects 6.2 and 6.3 if compiled against a newer OpenSSL (so FreeBSD 9's base OpenSSL is unaffected, for example)
• Full details here ***

Getting to know your portmgr-lurkers

• Next entry in portmgr interview series
• This time they chat with Mathieu Arnold, one of the portmgr-lurkers we mentioned previously
• Lots of questions ranging from why he uses BSD to what he had for breakfast
• Another one was since released, with Antoine Brodin aka antoine@ ***

FUSE in OpenBSD

• As we glossed over last week, FUSE was recently added to OpenBSD
• Now the guys from the OpenBSD Journal have tracked down more information
• This version is released under an ISC license
• Should be in OpenBSD 5.5, released a little less than 6 months from now
• Will finally enable things like SSHFS to work in OpenBSD ***

Automated submission of kernel panic reports

• New tool from Colin Percival
• Saves information about kernel panics and emails it to FreeBSD
• Lets you review before sending so you can edit out any private info
• Automatically encrypted before being sent
• FreeBSD never kernel panics so this won't get much use ***

Interview - Justin Sherrill - justin@dragonflybsd.org / @dragonflybsd

DragonflyBSD 3.6 and the Dragonfly Digest

Tutorial

Building an OpenBSD Router

News Roundup

BSD router project 1.5 released

• Nice timing for our router tutorial; TBRP is a FreeBSD distribution for installing on a router
• It's an alternative to pfSense, but not nearly as well known or popular
• New version is based on 9.2-RELEASE, includes lots of general updates and bugfixes
• Fits on a 256MB Compact Flash/USB drive ***

Curve25519 now default key exchange

• We mentioned in an earlier episode about a patch for curve25519
• Now it's become the default for key exchange
• Will probably make its way into OpenSSH 6.5, would've been in 6.4 if we didn't have that security vulnerability
• It's interesting to see all these big changes in cryptography in OpenBSD lately ***

FreeBSD kernel selection in boot menu

• Adds a kernel selection menu to the beastie menu
• List of kernels is taken from 'kernels' in loader.conf as a space or comma separated list of names to display (up to 9)
• From our good buddy Devin Teske ***

PCBSD weekly digest

• PCDM has officially replaced GDM as the default login manager
• New ISO build scripts (we got a sneak preview last week)
• Lots of bug fixes
• Second set of 10-STABLE ISOs available with new artwork and much more ***

Theo de Raadt speaking at MUUG

• Theo will be speaking at Manitoba UNIX User Group in Winnipeg
• On Friday, Nov 15, 2013 at 5:30PM (see show notes for the address)
• If you're watching the show live you have time to make plans, if you're watching the downloaded version it might be happening right now!
• No agenda, but expect some OpenBSD discussion ***

Feedback/Questions

• Dave writes in
• James writes in
• Allen writes in
• Chess writes in
• Frank writes in ***